The global population, estimated at 8.1 billion in 2025, is concentrated in just 10 countries that collectively account for more than half of humanity. India leads with 1.46 billion people, having overtaken China in 2023, while China’s 1.42 billion faces rapid aging and declining birth rates.
World’s Population in 10 Countries
The United States ranks third with 340 million, followed by Indonesia (280 million), Pakistan (250 million), and Nigeria (235 million), each grappling with youthful populations and infrastructure challenges. Brazil (218 million) and Bangladesh (175 million) highlight regional pressures, while Russia (145 million) struggles with shrinking numbers.
Mexico rounds out the list at 135 million, with urban centers driving growth. Together, these nations illustrate stark contrasts between booming developing economies and aging developed societies.
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